Pregnancy and Oral Health: Comprehensive Guide to Managing Dental Care During Gestation

Pregnancy demands heightened attention to oral health due to estrogen and progesterone surges, which elevate gum sensitivity and inflammation. Studies indicate that up to 75% of pregnant women experience pregnancy gingivitis, characterized by swollen, bleeding gums. Without intervention, this can progress to periodontitis, linked to adverse outcomes like preterm birth (risk increased by up to 30%) and low birth weight. A pre-pregnancy dental checkup is critical to address existing issues, such as cavities or gum disease, reducing risks during gestation. During pregnancy, brush twice daily with fluoride toothpaste, floss regularly, and use antimicrobial mouth rinses if recommended. Dental visits every trimester are advised for professional cleanings and monitoring. Avoid elective procedures in the first trimester and postpone non-urgent treatments until after delivery. Nutrition plays a vital role; consume calcium-rich foods and limit sugary snacks to prevent decay. Emergency dental care is safe with proper precautions, including lead apron shielding for X-rays. By integrating these practices, women can safeguard their oral and overall health, benefiting both themselves and their babies.